一、開(kai)關電源一直無電壓(ya)輸出(chu)的檢修技巧(qiao)
開關(guan)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)一直無電(dian)壓輸出是指開關(guan)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)各(ge)輸出端,在按電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開關(guan)開機(ji)后(hou)(hou)(hou)一直為0V,這(zhe)種狀況是因為開關(guan)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)未發生(sheng)(sheng)震蕩(dang)所致(zhi)。進一步(bu)證明的辦法是測開關(guan)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)100UF/400V電(dian)容關(guan)機(ji)后(hou)(hou)(hou)的電(dian)壓,若(ruo)300V之后(hou)(hou)(hou)慢(man)慢(man)下降,則(ze)闡明開關(guan)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)未發生(sheng)(sheng)振動。開關(guan)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)未發生(sheng)(sheng)振動的原因有:
(1)開關管集電極未得到滿足的作業(ye)電壓
(2)開(kai)關管基極未得(de)到發動電(dian)壓(ya)和相關電(dian)路漏電(dian)
(3)開關管正反饋(kui)元件(jian)失(shi)效
判別(bie)毛病的辦法和過程
檢(jian)修這(zhe)類(lei)毛病的首要任務是判別毛病在上述(shu)三個(ge)(ge)部(bu)位(wei)中的哪個(ge)(ge)部(bu)位(wei),具體辦法是測開關管集電極,基極電壓,可能(neng)有(you)以下幾(ji)種狀(zhuang)況:
(1)開關管集(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)0V和(he)低(di)于市電(dian)(dian)(dian)1.4倍,開關管沒有(you)正常的(de)(de)作(zuo)業(ye)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya),如果有(you)1.4倍的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya),闡明開關管集(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極具有(you)了正常的(de)(de)作(zuo)業(ye)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya),闡明AC220V及整(zheng)流濾波電(dian)(dian)(dian)路作(zuo)業(ye)正常。
(2)開(kai)關(guan)管(guan)的基極(ji)(ji)電(dian)壓為0V(包(bao)(bao)含(han)開(kai)機(ji)瞬間(jian))這種狀況闡明(ming)(ming)發(fa)(fa)(fa)動(dong)電(dian)路(lu)對(dui)(dui)開(kai)關(guan)管(guan)基極(ji)(ji)未提供(gong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)動(dong)(導通)電(dian)壓,或基極(ji)(ji)與發(fa)(fa)(fa)射(she)極(ji)(ji)之間(jian)相(xiang)關(guan)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)擊穿,應(ying)對(dui)(dui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)動(dong)電(dian)路(lu)和開(kai)關(guan)管(guan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)射(she)極(ji)(ji)及相(xiang)關(guan)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)進行查看,若電(dian)壓為0.6~0.7(包(bao)(bao)含(han)開(kai)機(ji)瞬間(jian)),闡明(ming)(ming)發(fa)(fa)(fa)動(dong)電(dian)路(lu)和開(kai)關(guan)管(guan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)射(she)極(ji)(ji)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)正常,若在0.7V以上闡明(ming)(ming)發(fa)(fa)(fa)動(dong)電(dian)路(lu)正常,但(dan)開(kai)關(guan)管(guan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)射(she)極(ji)(ji)或其(qi)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)斷路(lu)或阻值變大(da)。
(3)開關(guan)管(guan)具(ju)有(you)導通條(tiao)件:開關(guan)管(guan)基(ji)極(ji)電(dian)(dian)壓為0.6~0.7V,集電(dian)(dian)極(ji)電(dian)(dian)壓大于250V,闡明開關(guan)管(guan)具(ju)有(you)了作業條(tiao)件,毛病(bing)在正反饋(kui)電(dian)(dian)路,包含(han)正反饋(kui)電(dian)(dian)阻,電(dian)(dian)容,續流二(er)極(ji)管(guan)及開關(guan)變(bian)壓器正反饋(kui)繞組及其之間的銜接應制(zhi)板。
開關電源(yuan)瞬間(jian)有(you)電壓出(chu)檢修技巧
1)、瞬間電壓輸(shu)出(chu)毛病原(yuan)因(yin)
這種(zhong)毛病在(zai)按下(xia)發動開(kai)關(guan)的(de)瞬間(jian),開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)源某個(ge)或各個(ge)輸(shu)出(chu)端電(dian)壓有一(yi)個(ge)小的(de)電(dian)壓輸(shu)出(chu),然后降(jiang)為(wei)0V,這種(zhong)狀(zhuang)況(kuang)闡明開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)源在(zai)加電(dian)的(de)初(chu)始發生了(le)振動,但后因為(wei)過壓,過流維護引(yin)起停振,或開(kai)關(guan)機接(jie)口電(dian)路(lu)加電(dian)初(chu)始為(wei)開(kai)機狀(zhuang)況(kuang),但隨CPU清零的(de)完畢而(er)轉(zhuan)入待機狀(zhuang)況(kuang),引(yin)發這種(zhong)狀(zhuang)況(kuang)的(de)原因有:
(1)開關電源(yuan)因故輸出電壓比標準值(zhi)高10V而引起過壓維(wei)護
(2)負載(zai)過流引(yin)起維護動作
(3)維護電(dian)路(lu)自身的誤動作
(4)遙(yao)控系(xi)統因故執行待(dai)機(ji)指令
2)、判別毛(mao)病辦法與過程
(1)假負載法
(2)測量維(wei)護(hu)元件是否(fou)擊(ji)穿
(3)斷開法
(4)降壓法
3)、各功(gong)用電路的檢測(ce)辦法
經過上述辦法判別(bie)毛病在開關電(dian)源(yuan)的哪個部分后,對各(ge)個部分的查看(kan)辦法如下:
(1)對(dui)脈寬調制電路(lu)和正反饋(kui)(kui)電路(lu)的查看(kan)。對(dui)正反饋(kui)(kui)電路(lu)中的電解(jie)電容(rong)(rong)直接替換現在開(kai)關電源的正反饋(kui)(kui)電路(lu)中的振動電容(rong)(rong)有兩(liang)種,一(yi)是0。016UF0。039UF膽電容(rong)(rong),其毛病(bing)率很低,檢修這種電容(rong)(rong)可以掃除(chu),另一(yi)種是10UF左右的電解(jie)電容(rong)(rong),毛病(bing)率使用數年后有可能(neng),檢修時(shi)直接替換此(ci)電容(rong)(rong)。
(2)替換脈寬(kuan)調(diao)制電(dian)路作業電(dian)壓(ya)形成中的電(dian)解(jie)電(dian)容
在(zai)手中無溝通調壓(ya)器的狀況下,對于過壓(ya)維護毛病,為了安全(quan)起見可先替換(huan)脈寬調制電(dian)路(lu)作業電(dian)壓(ya)形成(cheng)電(dian)路(lu)中的易損件,即濾(lv)波電(dian)容(rong)(幾微(wei)法到(dao)100UF不等的電(dian)解電(dian)容(rong)),看開(kai)關電(dian)源是否康(kang)復(fu)正常。
開關電源(yuan)輸出電壓低檢修技巧
1、開關電源輸出電壓低的原因(yin)
(1)220V溝通電(dian)壓輸入電(dian)路(lu)和整流濾波電(dian)路(lu)對開關管(guan)提供的作業電(dian)壓不夠,超出脈(mo)寬調制電(dian)路(lu)的控制范(fan)圍。
(2)負載(zai)電(dian)路(lu)存在過流(liu)引起開關電(dian)源負載(zai)加重(zhong)而(er)導致輸出電(dian)壓下降。
(3)開/關機接口電(dian)路處于(yu)待(dai)機狀況,令開關電(dian)源作(zuo)業于(yu)低頻振動(dong)狀況其輸出電(dian)壓為待(dai)機狀況下的度數。此(ci)類毛病(bing)僅應(ying)于(yu)無(wu)準(zhun)備電(dian)源,CPU準(zhun)備狀況下的作(zuo)業電(dian)壓由(you)開關電(dian)源提供的機型。